Mine shot about 4" at 50 yards off the bench with dozens of load combinations tried. 16530 posts · Joined 2000. Ballard rifling featured fewer grooves but they were more deeply cut into the barrel. The carbide button tool is attached to a rod of high tensile steel, and the other end of the long rod is attached to a. Button or cut rifling leaves a linear pattern. This carbide Multi-flute Reamer of usually 4 or 6 Flutes is pulled or pushed through a gun drilled barrel to accurately control the surface finish and size of the ID of the barrel prior to rifling. However, unlike the antique rifling cutters, the hook cutters used to cut rifling on modern machines are ground with a positive rake, usually 5[degrees], and actually cut the barrel steel rather than simply scraping it. He so when he cut the rifling, the round edges of the cutter were deeper than the center of the groove. $138. Sep 5, 2013. The lap should now be pulled (and pushed) back and forth through the bore for about ten minutes, with. I had him make my . Today, four- and six-groove barrels are the most popular. The first barrels that were rifled were made by either forming the bore around a mandrel ( Damascus barrels) or , much later on, drilling the bore through a solid bar stock blank, and then cutting the rifling one groove at a time. The cut-rifling method removes metal from the surface of the bore to create the grooves using a single-bladed, hook-type cutter. PTG Replacement 223 HSS Rifling Cutter. On the phone he said I had a good reputation locally for turning out nice machine work and asked me if I wanted to learn the art of drilling, reaming, cut-rifling, & lapping barrels. In addition, the article describes a new (and somewhat radical) method, Cation Rifling, which employs acid to etch rifling. The quality of the barrels turned out by this method was very good, but it is a time-consuming process that slowed down production (the scrape cutter rifling process took about an hour to complete. The rifling button is pulled a. Multiple cutting surfaces to distribute stresses are arrayed on a long steel rod. Pratt and Whitney then created rifling machines that would use a hydraulic ram to force a shaped carbide "button" ( actually a short rod) through the barrel. Brux Barrels is a machine tool company located in Lodi, Wisconsin, specializing in the finest custom-made cut-rifled barrels. The mold matched the 1 in 20″ twist of the rifling. Fifty. I cut the shoe recess, 1-3/8 inch long about 1/2 way through the rod. Bartlein's state-of-the-art cut rifling machines can hold uniform twist rates to the 4th. Hammer Forged. 2. Standard in swamp barrels. Osprey Barrel Works is a premier brand, 416RR CReS precision rifle blank. A good cut-rifled barrel will retail for $400 and up, while quality button-rifled barrels may start at $150. Polygonal rifling . There are two main rifling types, standard and polygonal. Ballard rifling was 'cut' using a cutter, or cutters, turned in a previously prepared barrel blank at the preset twist rate. How many grooves does a scrape cutter make with one swipe? 2. It causes the bullet or projectile to spin as it flies through the air. Electron discharge machining (EDM)The following types of rifling use similar processes as the ones aforementioned. 005 to . A popular example of the latter is 5R rifling that originated during the 1980s by Boots Obermeyer, who continues to turn out match-grade, cut-rifled barrels in his Bristol, Wisconsin, shop. The only cut rifled 1911 barrels I am aware of are Lissners. Conventional rifling has sharp 90-degree corners from the top of the land to the bottom of the groove. Many years ago,I was invited to watch button rifling being done. 5. And my thought is that square edge of the lands being sharp wear faster. Double scrap cutter tooling was being used/made back even when the cut rifling was done manually by a human pulling the cutter thru the barrel by hand! Places have converted/modified the Pratt’s for pulling broaches and even pulling buttons. Then the rerifling process involves the rifling cutter moving in and out of the barrel approximately 300 times (50 times per groove). On the other hand, many shooters believe cut-rifled barrels last a bit longer. Stress Relieve Oven with automated loading system. It shows the way to build and use the slow-working scrape cutter. If the chip is not the full width of the groove, it means there is a nick in the cutting edge, or your cut is not deep enough. The hammer forged barrel cost a lot more for up front investment in machinery to do the process. The port has to be cut very accurate, as the scrape cutter must fit it closely with no movement. depth of . The helical groves cause the bullet to spin when fired, stabilizing the trajectory and improving accuracy. 50. Scrape cutter rifling is very similar to hook cutter except that as a different scraper is used for each groove, there will be no underlying similarity between the. It is sometimes called "hook rifling" after the fishhook-shaped cutter used. Rifling is only cut to about . There are four ways to produce the grooves: Cut rifling. On my 3 groove barrel you can clearly see the leading edges of the lands being eaten away at. In fact, we discussed this type of cutter way back when we studied cut rifling techniques almost four years ago. Drilling small, deep, straight holes is time consuming and expensive. Also when a rifling head is used in scrape or hooked rifling the groove depth will be shallow when the head is introduced into the bore and again when it is removed at the muzzle end. The cutter removes approximately . For a pistol, broach or button does an equally fine job. The Foam Shop is committed to reducing the waste that ends up in our local landfills. It's a production method for hundreds of barrels rather than being suited to a one-off. Here's a breakdown of the 3 main types of rifling, Cut rifling, button rifling, and cold hammer forged, and what we believe are the benefits. I cut a few grooves and the cutter slid in and out of the bore like riding. Each has its own advantages and may be preferred based on specific requirements. READ Full Article. Cut rifling - Cut rifling creates spiral grooves in the barrel by removing steel using some form of cutter. This is the rifling bench from Dixon's 2008. We want a snu 2 fit. Gun drilled with a bad combo of cutter wear, feed rates, chip clearing. Conventional rifling, while effective, can be improved upon in two ways. Yes cast bullets are fine through the polygon barrels. The machinery to cut the rifling is very simple. A button puller is another 1 axis machine with highly custom tooling. Showing 1 - 3 of 3 items. A rifled barrel is slightly undersized so that the rifling will cut into the projectile. 0002" per pass. 1. It produces moderate amounts of stress in the steel, which can be stress-relieved and straightened. A rifling button is kinda like a tailpipe expander. Many of the largest and most respected names in the firearms industry rely on us for our outstanding commitment to quality and on-time delivery for their firearm related tooling. The bullet you want to shoot will determine your required barrel twist rate. You would not likely be controlling depth of cut in the groove via CNC (possible, but with exceedingly small mechanisms), so what you are talking about is one axis making the carriage travel and another axis making the tool rotate and a program telling how much rotation per travel -. The Springfield Armory tried using longer cutters, broaches, that could be pushed through the barrel by a hydraulic ram and essentially cut the two grooves of the rifling at one pass. The first was Vienna gunmaker Gaspard Kollner. During the 20th century, new swaging methods such as button. The cutter is indexed around the. (a) What are the weight and specific gravity of this sphere? (b) Will it float in 20°C gasoline? If so, how many cubic centimeters will be exposed? Verified answer. Only way I could get "blue" on the patch,. Hammer forging has a distinct advantage here. The same practice applies to rifling, buttoned or cut. 150-gr. If the rifling grooves make a complete revolution in 9 linear inches, it is a 1:9” twist whether the actual barrel is 9 inches long, 30 inches long or just 3 inches long. It happens when the top of the rifling cutter is ground on an angle and it will cut the. This type of rifling is produced with Hammer Forging . Button rifling and the draw bench methods are shown. #6 · Dec 13, 2008. 1. Rifling can be cut into the inner surface of a barrel using a broach, the rifling can be formed using a hardened steel button, or the rifling will be formed through a process called hammer forging. It was a success. For. 58. The first cut was shallow. It takes a LOT of effort to pull a . These methods are the „scrape cutter" method and the „hook cutter" method. The. 22 caliber barrels or pellet guns. 1 diameter. The cutter rests in the cutter box, a hardened steel cylinder made so it will just fit. The button forces the steel. The most likely problem from button rifling is in skinny barrels which taper to a small. Cut Rifling: The oldest method of rifling a barrel, the process removes metal from the bore using a single-blade, hook-type cutter. Other common methods include cut rifling, hammer forging, and broach rifling. All of our barrels are manufactured using single-point cut-rifling and each and every barrel we make is thoroughly inspected and held to the same premium match grade standards, whether its an ammunition test barrel, a custom bolt action barrel or a ready-to-install finish chambered. This video shows the process of cut-rifled barrel-making by one of the world's best barrel manufacturers. 13). So we are only cutting one groove at a time at an approx. Does the material of the barrel affect rifling choice? Yes, the material of the barrel can affect the choice of rifling, as softer metals may not hold up as well to the erosion caused by cut rifling. Mar 24, 2011. Button-swaged rifling. 2) Button riflings are easier on bullet jackets (less likely to produce bullet failure) than cut riflings. The Castle 110 is fitted with a router that cuts the. 010. This sort of cutter design was used by gunsmiths for a very long time, all the way to about World War II. I think one "con" is that the "5R" name is getting a bad rap due to recent marketing. 5. The rifling process is a key part of barrel manufacturing, resulting in lands (bore) and grooves that create a spiral down the length of the barrel. 012 deep. During the rifling process the cutter only removes . The discs are produced by milling away parts of a larger diameter stock piece, leaving the discs standing upright on the support rod. Which rifling technique involves the use of cold-working to harden the interior of the barrel and permits the use of. Why because they don’t understand the tooling for cut rifling is one. . Barrel steel is 1214 ,nice for cut rifling and also what throat lead in from chamber end to rifling. If good stress-relief processes are in place, button barrels shoot right in there with all. The upper is a place in the chamber where the shoulder is . It is a well-known name for high-quality rifle barrels. The rifling cutter should cut the groove into the barrel of the gun at a slow, steady pace. The article explains four common methods of rifling the interior of barrels: Cut Rifling, Broach Rifling, Button Rifling, and Hammer Forging. Single Point Cut Rifling. Krieger Barrels offers a wide variety of twist rates that are appropriate for popular bullet weights in any given caliber but it is also possible to specify your own custom twist rate. Mark on the surface of a fired bullet made when the edges at the beginning of the rifling scrape the bullet surface or when the nose of the bullet slides on the surface of the forcing cone of a revolver barrel. The video show the huge, complex machines used — bore-drilling equipment and hydraulic riflers. . e. Obermeyer got the idea for 5R rifling while examining the bore of a Russian AK-74 rifle in 5. Rifles and handguns have rifled barrels, that is, spiral grooves have been cut the length of the interior or bore of the barrel (Figure 2. The . The benchrest competition community runs on drilled/reamed/single point cut rifled barrels. Place the rifling cutter into the barrel of the gun and begin to make the cuts. The simplest types of rifling buttons merely cut the grooves into the barrel. This makes it expensive. This greatly improves the accuracy of the bullet over longer distances. The rifle is also available with an optional 20″ or 18″ barrel length as well as a muzzle brake if you so desire, but the recoil of this rifle is easily manageable. the grooves to be cut are carved in relief on the button surface. Rifling begins by mounting the barrel in the machine and setting the desired direction and rate of twist. The cut rifling process is exactly what it sounds like. Images of Cut-Rifling process courtesy Accurate Shooter Rifling is usually expressed as a twist rate; that is the length required to complete a full revolution along the horizontal access. to the ratchet rifling shown above, you would have to "re-cut" the tops of the lands, I don't know of any barrel maker. Several nationally known benchrest shooters shoot Bartlein barrels. I cut the shoe recess, 1-3/8 inch long about 1/2 way through the rod. A machine pulls a sharp cutter down the bore, removing a thin layer of steel in a spiral. 62 – 1/66 – 1/72. The barreled action comes with a black Cerakote® finish or natural stainless finish using a clear coat and nickel finish. Gun-maker Bear Creek Arsenal has a good article on its website about rifling barrels. 1. PC barrels are now button rifled and made by T/C. S. 22 caliber barrels or pellet guns. Fairly sharp , (but not too sharp as to cut the patches) lands grip the best. 58 and . Straighter, more precise. The cut-rifling method removes metal from the surface of the bore to create the grooves using a single-bladed, hook-type cutter. The lower is the 1. If the barrel chamber finish reamed to the desired headspace still causes the issue, then a leade reamer is needed. A mandrel is pushed or pulled through the bore and displaces material into the shape of rifling. I agree with you that "Pac-Nor does in fact use a button" but they are not cut (I just called and asked this specifically). They are used to remove metal from the surface of the barrel to create the grooves and spirals. "Hope you have better luck than I did. 5R – A 5-groove rifling pattern that is sloped or angled side to the “lands. Single point cuts the rifling one groove at a time. As a result, it is most commonly seen in . This process is no longer common. Rifling Twist:. Rifling can be achieved as either a metal cutting, or cold forming process. It has been circulated around the shooting community for years that MG barrels don't do well with cast bullets and it a commonly held belief. There are two main rifling types, standard and polygonal. Full Member. A single cutter is passed through the barrel with cutting oil being injected from inside the cutter tube. Button rifling is done with a straight barrel blank to reduce the amount of variation in the groove diameter. Cut Rifling consists of removing steel from the inside of a barrel using a cutting tool with a hard point. If the barrel will have six grooves, each ring will have six cutters. buttoned rifling actually forge the grooves and they are smooth because the button if lubricated and. Re: 6 groove vs. Then I cut a slot about 0. 280 posts · Joined 2017. The company built their own state-of-the-art cut rifling machines, which can hold uniform twist rates to ten-thousandths level (four decimal places) accuracy. The barrel is accurate and has precision cut rifling with a twist rate of 1:10. Then he’d. 254 posts · Joined 2023. LaBounty worked out a method for his rifling cutter to follow the old rifling, deepening it slightly. This process is done after there's a hole in the barrel blank. Button-swaged rifling. 104. Building on a savage action, have an additional post in competition forum but figured I'd ask the barrel question here Guess wondering the accuracy difference one could expect out. 35 Remington microgroove rifled barrel. Each disc on the broach is a mirror. if you're talking about seating conicals, you need to be using shallow groove rifling. . Whether it’s button rifling (100-400 Series), broach rifling, cold hammer forging, or single-point cut rifling (500 Series), there are plenty of valid options to choose from. Bartlein Barrels only uses single point cut style rifling, no buttong rifling and no broach cutting. The disadvantages are that he has to make his own tools, and that it is unsuited for series production. Rifling twist rate can be changed. Hold the equipment square, parallel, and concentric everywhere, because precision is the byword in barrel making work. Marlin appears a bit better designed - any thoughts pro / con ?The rifling head is a hollow cylinder, and is made of high-carbon steel with a slot for the cutter cut lengthwise, about two inches long, on one side. 1). Rifling can be broached, single point cut, buttoned, hammer forged, or ECM( Electrochemical machined). Senior Member . Cut Rifling – This is an older, more traditional method that isn’t commonly used today. It is threaded at the muzzle to 5/8 by 24 for the use of a muzzle brake or a suppressor but comes with a threaded cap. Cut rifling and 5R are more time consuming and although more accurate. 400″. this single point cut rifling process requires a single cutter to make 120 individual cuts to accurately rifle each bore. AC KRO GRUV is Mossberg version of marlins Microgroove ~~ MicroGroove Rifling [edit] Micro-Groove rifling. The only exception to this rule is Forsyth style rifling with wide grooves, and narrow lands. 0001-inch per pass. 001" thick chip by hand. Button Rifling – This fairly common type of rifling is completed by using a tool called a button. 5 cm barrel 24 inch barrel (cut rifling hand lapped) this time lapua brass, CCI 450 primers, IMR4451 (41. Choose Options. Bear Creek Arsenal. The work hardening of the barrel steel caused by the button results in a bore surface that is denser than a cut surface. Conventional lands and grooves are replaced by “hills and valleys”. . 2. Rock Creek Barrels are made in Albany, WI. We. They use a wooden rifling bench,with about a 3" diameter maple cylinder with the rifling grooves cut into it with hand tools. The six groove deep rifling was designed to spin the soft lead shells that were generally being shot at the time. Square bottom CUT rifling to . Please allow 3-5 business days from order placement to shipment to allow us time to contour. engineering. 45 to . The first thing I did when I took the rifle out of the box was to weigh it and it was just barely over six pounds. While button or cut rifling must start with a hole somewhat smaller than finished size, hammer forged blanks have holes about 20% larger than finished size. ) Or, hammer forging can be used to form rifling. Broached rifling. Cut-Rifling - All the Difference in Custom Rifle Barrel Fabrication. One of our local CBA shooters uses a Broughton 5C barrel. Fig. The type of rifling is also factor. Rifling begins by mounting the barrel in the machine and setting the desired direction and rate of twist. Pull it through a plywood plate with a hole and notch guide cut in it. rifling - the cutting of spiral grooves on the inside of the barrel of a firearm. Do this preferably from the breech end to avoid damaging the barrel’s crown. This video shows the process of cut-rifled barrel-making by one of the world's best barrel manufacturers. Their single-point cut-rifling process delivers the most consistent and accurate results. You may be surprised to learn that cut-rifling is probably the oldest method of rifling a barrel. My dad made both button and scrape cutter rifling machines to rifle his ML barrels up to 60 cal and 2in dia. Fryxell. A rifling bench or equivalent is needed to control rate of twist and index the rifling grooves. It is 9 ft long and weighs 900#. 4. Hammer forging is also known as the "Appel process" or cold forming. The barrel also has a flush crown cut, which. Broach rifling is a cutting process that uses a long, multi-toothed tool that gradually removes small amounts of material from each groove. Regarding thoughts on 5r, an odd number of lands/grooves creates less stress on the bullet as it passes down the barrel and if memory serves correctly it also allows for better or more uniform gas seal with less stress on the bullet than even rifling count- add to that the. A honing machine is similar except for not needing the high pressure lube + very specialized hones. Hammer-forged rifling starts with a reusable mandrel that carries the reverse image the entire length of the bore and uses it to produce the desired rifling profile. At the same time, the expansion of the fired cartridge. Turn the blade. A broaching tool may be pulled or pushed along a workpiece. Button rifling is known for producing excellent accuracy, but it can be more time-consuming and expensive than other methods, such as cut rifling. 004 deep per side per groove. I am looking to build up a lever . In its traditional form, cut rifling may be described as a single point broaching system using a "hook" cutter. lapping plug. The rifling itself is formed by four common methods. Hard to find good help, eh?. The bullet you want to shoot will determine your required barrel twist rate. That is why . Back trench the cut along the inside of these lines. In 1953 Marlin Firearms was issued U. (see my homepage) Also see page 204 in the 1968 Gun Digest. See Figure 103 & 104. Then, grooves are cut, leaving the original hole's surface as. $691. Sep 5, 2013. An ordinary Glock pistol. Then he’d. Button rifling can be done a couple of different ways but basically it is a cold swagging process. The cut-rifling method removes metal from the surface of the bore to create the grooves using a single-bladed, hook-type cutter of groove width that is pulled through the cold barrel. Inner surface of barrel of a gun leaves its class characteristic markings on a bullet passing through it; these markings are peculiar to each type. Equipping the barrel with the spiral grooves that spin-stabilize a bullet is the essential operation that defines an entire category of firearms. The sides of the grooves are parallel, but the sides of the lands are not and the 5R carries this to an extreme. This was a common method of rifling from the early 20th Century until the 1960s. For a 1911, the firring, external barrel dimensions and the heat treat of the barrel are likely more important than the bore quality in the long run. Drill and reamer marks are not removed by button rifling as they are with cut. The part that grips the patch is the edge of the rifling. The traditional method is called single-point cut rifling. The grooves are usually parallel in barrels while the sides of the lands are not. These days, specialized equipment is used to insert a cutter in the drilled-and-reamed bore of the billet in order to cut and remove a small amount of steel with each pass of the cutter. 0001 (not . #10. Cut Rifling Cut rifling is the oldest method of rifling a gun barrel. 300 Blackout Gunner Profile. This plug should never be removed from the bore until its work is finished. This rifling proved itself over and over for decades on the national target match circuits. As previously mentioned, different types of steels are. Marlin likes to call this process "Ballard rifling" because this was how theRe: Rifling cutter shape. This required multiple iterative passes of a cutting head for each groove (at first this was done with a "scrape cutter", and later a "hook cutter"). Cut rifling . The button is pushed or pulled through the barrel to press. 5R is an improvement over conventional rifling by changing the shape and configuration of the lands and grooves. PTG Replacement Carbide Tipped Rifling Cutter. Barrel Twist Rate – is the inches a bullet needs to travel in order to make a complete revolution. single point cutting yields identical grooves that have less than . The 27. Start by cleaning all of the parts of the rifling cutter, using a cloth and lubricant. 6), and 140 eld-m average is 2715 Nearly a grain more in powder but 55fps slower. Minimal induced stress. Custom Prefits - Ospreys. Rifling begins by mounting the barrel in the machine and setting the desired direction and rate of twist. The problem is that the round bottom rifling cut by most barrel makers is to small in the radius cut. A broach has mulitple cutters on it. The discs are. The lands of polygonal rifling look like bulges rising from the bore. We also discuss. 0001" per pass. Scrape cutter. to the ratchet rifling shown above, you would have to "re-cut" the tops of the lands, I don't know of any barrel maker. 30-caliber cartridges are loaded with . Cylinder stop - A device to stop cylinder rotation in proper alignment with the barrel of a revolver. Cut-rifling is also the only practical way to rebore barrels. There is even a sequence showing chambers being cut. You’ll find a very extensive discussion of how rifling machines work. 0001 inch, or 1 ten-thousandth of an inch, at each pass, thus taking several hundred passes. Oct 19, 2023. Depth of cut is adjustable using a set screw in the rear end of the cutter body. Single-point rifling. The quality of the barrels turned out by this method was very good, but it is a time-consuming process that slowed down production (the scrape cutter rifling process took about an hour to. A sine-bar scrape- or hook-rifling setup is far more suited to one-offs. Normally expressed as the peak pressure in pounds per square inchWe rifle by the single-point cut-rifling process. READ Full Article. Rifling is the term given to the spiral grooves cut into the bore of a barrel which impart a stabilizing spin to the bullet. Cal. Inspect the cutter for any damage or worn parts and ensure that all parts are in. The work hardening of the barrel steel caused by the button results in a bore surface that is denser than a cut surface. Stress Relieve Oven with automated loading system. After the rifling has been cut, clean the barrel of the gun and the rifling cutter carefully. That gas seal gives polygonal guns an. * Cut-rifled barrels are drilled, then reamed to bore diameter. Check out the GROOVES above. They varied a lot!Krieger Barrels has been making premium rifle barrels for over 30 years. Cut rifling, yes, it makes one cut per groove at . 30-cal. Mar 6, 2006 2,869 2,608 CENLA. Instead of being smaller than the radius of the bore, the radius of the cutter should be at least twice as large as the bore radius. 0001 inch, or 1 ten-thousandth of an inch, at each pass, thus taking several hundred passes to rifle a barrel. An original Winchester 1885 High Wall came with a 40- 82 WCF and a severely deteriorated barrel. At a practical level there is no difference as to the "extreme high quality, accuracy, and durability (lifespan)" of barrels made by CHF versus button rifled for AR15 type barrels. This process takes significantly longer than. Back in the day it was all about very deep cut rifling. Cut rifling is using the exact same cutter in order to impart the spiraling grooves present within rifling. 28-calibers shoot. The cut-rifling method. The rifling process is a key part of barrel manufacturing, resulting in lands (bore) and grooves that create a spiral down the length of the barrel. What im saying is from what Ive seen from two different barrels with diferent styles of rifling. It's more susceptible to button slip (twist rate error) and displacing the material work hardens it and creates internal stresses. All barrels are prelapped/honed before rifling and finish lapped after rifling. Invented in Nuremberg around 1520, the cut-rifling technique creates spiral grooves in the barrel by removing steel using some form of cutter. In a 50 caliber rifle, the cutter is ground to an exact radius to create a round shape that is a circle. Cut rifling, including single-point hook and scrape cutters, the saw cutter and broaches are covered. a furnace to stress relive the steel, diamond cutter grinder, rifling machine, buttons, scopes and a big machine with a hydraulic. Cut-Rifling is unique from other rifling methods in that it allows virtually any twist rate to be cut into your barrel. He had an idea for a different method to rifle barrels―single-point cut rifle barrels on a CNC rifler. The cut-rifling method removes metal from the surface of the bore to create the grooves using a single-bladed, hook-type cutter of groove width that is pulled through the cold barrel. It is available in three distinct finishes, including simple Black DLC, along with Titanium Nitride and Chameleon PVD as well. Cut rifling carves the rifling into the barrel a very small amount at a time, just like turning on a lathe is cutting the metal itself generally by no more than 50-150 thousandths of an inch at a time (depends on the lathe and tooling). Yes, each is a different method of rifling, but Microgroove rifling generally consists of 12 lands and grooves, vs 4-6 lands and grooves for other methods of rifling a bore including Ballard rifling. Criterion began in 1999 with a single OEM client in need of a economical, high volume option to cut rifled barrels. The answer was the broach. fred January 2, 2015 at 22:01. Button rifling is simpler and faster than cut rifling and usually less expensive. Cut rifling and broach rifling both involve removing metal from the inside of the barrel, which produces “grooves” that lie in between uncut areas know as “lands. Rifling tool having one or two raised cutting edges that cut the grooves of rifling.