Sep 24, 2014. Prepare an infusion of natural chamomile, make sure it is not too hot to avoid burning. What Antiseptic Can I Use on My Dog? There are a variety of antiseptics that can be used on dogs, but it is important to choose one that is safe and effective. You must be a registered member to. Lemongrass essential oil is a common ingredient in many all-natural or plant-based dog products. The primary ingredients of Sudocrem are: Zinc Oxide, Benztyl Alcohol, Benzyl Benzoate, Benzyl Cinnamate and Lanolin. Chinook, Bloodhound, and German Shepherds. Germolene does not come without its risks – it needs to be used appropriately. Absolutely brilliant product. Generally, chamomile is safe in dogs when dosed appropriately. Lethargy and sedation. If the dog is small, place them on a table or counter in front of you. The compounds in garlic increase immunity and enhance natural killer cells. One was dermal, the other an anal sac. Rarely, a dog may be allergic to gabapentin and they may have a reaction which is a sign to avoid giving gabapentin to your dog in the future. 5 mg/lb of body weight, George says. Serious side effects include liver and kidney damage or gastrointestinal damage from GI bleeding and ulcers. Mange can cause dogs to become stressed because of the itching, isolation, vet visits, medications, and other treatments that they receive to treat their mange. While the fleshy part of lemons is not toxic to dogs, this fruit still isn’t something to feed to your dog. The most common type of peroxigen antiseptic is hydrogen peroxide. . Calming for spots. Overweight dogs also tend to have weaker muscles around their anus, which can lead to gland emptying becoming more difficult. There's even no warning about use in animals on the medical insert sheet!Berries: cranberries, blueberries, raspberries, strawberries (all safe in small quantities) If you want to grow something that is not on this list, be sure to confirm the plant is non-toxic to. calaethea. Germolene is safe for dogs if applied appropriately and for short-term use. Pepto Bismol can reduce symptoms like nausea, heartburn, and an uncomfortable stomach in dogs. Germolene or Sudocrem can be used if your dog has a sore. Germolene cream is contraindicated for patients with known hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine or any other components of the cream. Usually, hydrogen peroxide for dogs comes in a bottle that is a 3% solution. It might be wise to keep this handy rather than using Neosporin as this can be used without any of the fears, but all of the positive effects. Citronella is toxic to pets. This is a great way to help ensure your pet is protected without applying. Many pet owners prefer Cetirizine over Benadryl because of its longer lasting effects. Welcome to the number one site for dog lovers! Dog News. If eaten, lemons could make your dog sick. Lettuce is a dog-friendly vegetable that’s low in calories, full of fiber, and 90% water—so it’s great for hydration. Germolene Antiseptic Cream is designed to treat, prevent, soothe and fight infections, especially in minor cuts, grazes, blisters, stings and bites. However, in the meantime, use Germolene or Sudocrem if your dog has a sore now. There are no common side effects with chlorhexidine skin treatments. Peeled and with the pit removed. These ten flowers are safe for dogs, even though not exactly an ideal doggy snack. Rub your dog’s skin gently, with emphasis on the affected area. This naturally produced sweetener is found in many “sugar-free” items for people, such as ice cream, candies, pastries, gum, yogurts, juices, and more. Wrap your dog in a blanket or towel and secure them to the board with it. But others, like garlic and onions, can be toxic. Most dogs enjoy the taste of the fruit which means it’s likely that yours will too. You will need to be watchful if your dog self chews or licks itself because some of the ingredients found in Germolene are not safe for consumption. Sometimes, dogs taking immunosuppressant. Rosemary. However, I recommend long-term use using an antiseptic cream made for dogs; it saves you unnecessary worrying. Some fruits, like grapes , should be avoided because they are toxic to dogs. What is Germolene ointment? Germolene antiseptic ointment 50g is a soothing ointment that helps to disinfect and protect minor skin ailments and injuries, like abrasions, cuts, blisters, minor burns, chapped skin, bites and stings. Human Foods for Dogs with Moderate Risk. Feeding your dog raw turmeric root (or plain turmeric powder), however, won’t result in the. E45 is a skin care product that’s often used to treat eczema – dry, cracked and itchy skin. This step prevents infection and allows the cream to work effectively. If not, there are other options that are just as healthy, including apples, bananas, and watermelon, and dogs seem to. Furthermore, citrus’ sourness is off. Carrots are a rich source of vitamin A and potassium, and. However, these medicines should. Dog Articles Section On Forum; New Posts. The effects of the medication typically last for around 6-8 hours. Many melons are considered safe superfoods for dogs, and watermelon is especially nutritious. Doses up to 100 times the recommended dose of 20 mg per pound are tolerated without serious side effects. Germolene. RenaSan First Aid+ Spray is a revolutionary antiseptic clinically proven to kill 99. Zinc-oxide is also toxic to dogs and cats if ingested in large quantities, but applying a thin layer of sudocrem to sore or irritated skin is generally safe and can be beneficial. 003 to 0. 5% Hydrocortisone. They are a good source of things like biotin, vitamins, and minerals that help to promote strong teeth and healthy gums. Histamine leads to inflammation, redness and irritation. Germolene is safe to use on dogs if applied appropriately and in short term use. A common dose used for dogs is 0. It also contains flavonoids and carotenoids, which are great antioxidants. The short answer is yes, but there are a few things to keep in mind. Lotilaner – an ectoparasiticide belonging to the isoxazoline family, with a 1 month duration. See moreWhat’s in Germolene antiseptic healing cream? Chlorhexidine Digluconate. Continue to 5 of 11 below. January 31, 2023 by Admin. pawing at their ear or rubbing it against surfaces after a walk. DO NOT USE GERMOLENE ON A CAT. 9. Phenol Ph. For that reason, dogs should avoid eating tomatoes in moderate to large. They’re also a source of calcium, iron, and magnesium. Lavender oil is a popular choice among humans so maybe you already have this incredible essential oil on hand for your furry friend. Thankfully germolene is generally safe and can be used. If your dog has any allergies, it is always best to check with your vet before using any new products. Here are the signs to watch out for if your dog is having an adverse reaction to Rimadyl. 25 fluid ounces. However, there are a few things to keep in mind before doing so. aerogenes, such as conjunctivitis, keratitis, pink eye, corneal ulcer, blepharitis in dogs, cats, cattle, sheep, and. 20 to 40 pounds: 1 clove. Keep out of the reach of children. That’ll make sure you get rid of all newly hatching eggs. Aloe Vera. Dogs should not have garlic bread, since it contains a toxic ingredient, and the butter and fat are not good for your dog, either. A 5% betadine solution is best for dogs and cats. 1. For this reason, some. Moderation is important. Zinc-oxide is also toxic to dogs and cats if ingested in large quantities, but applying a thin layer of sudocrem to sore or irritated skin is generally safe and can be beneficial. Phenol is a disinfectant that can help to kill bacteria and viruses. 2g/1000kcal (or 200mg/1000kcal). If you want to use an antiseptic cream for dogs, I recommend it. Salmon, shrimp, and tuna are all safe for dogs to eat and are good sources of protein. Safe alternative to snake plants. Yes, dogs can eat citrus fruit but not all. 8 milligrams per pound of your dog's body weight 1-2 times per day. 7. I prefer to use salt water or 10% dilution of chlorhexidine (Hibiscrub) which most vets would have. Watch for excessive discharge on the wound site. This will kill fleas and ticks. Like with tomatoes, the risk occurs when potatoes are green or unripe, and in the green sprouts, or eyes, that grow on them. I would think it`s quite safe to use it Janet , like you said, if it`s safe for humans it`ll be safe for chickens, little kids have prob tried eating it and not died. #1 Seven Stars Yogurt [Best Regular Yogurt for Dogs] — Certified organic by the USDA and made without GMOs, this is the best all-around yogurt for most. A rough guideline is to add about 3-6 drops of essential oils to 1 oz. Stir to dissolve and leave it to cool. Benadryl (also known as diphenhydramine) is considered safe for dogs and cats and is commonly used in veterinary clinics nationwide. Mainly use for aseptically cleaning of wounds and surgical suture (after spaying and neutering). The Best Yogurts for Dogs: Quick Picks. Note: For deeper wounds,. Kiwi is a safe fruit for dogs that contains healthy doses of fiber, vitamin C, and potassium. The cream contains two active substances, phenol and chlorhexidine digluconate. Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic that helps to prevent infection. 65 from chemists and supermarkets, can provide instant relief (on small patches of eczema and please note it's not meant as an eczema treatment) if the. Germolene is okay for dogs and is well used by several dog owners. Germolene is okay for dogs and is well used by several dog owners. Can you use germolene on your dogs wound? Can we use Germolene on the dog's paw between the foot pad and toes? It appears to be sore. You are probably familiar with most of the vitamins human and animal bodies need, including: Vitamin A. It can also help to reduce inflammation, act as an anti-irritant and heal infection. Germolene Antiseptic Cream. Potatoes are the same deal. But at a dose of 1 ml per pound, a large dog needs a lot of Kaopectate. Cons. 79. Germolene is okay for dogs and is well used by several dog owners. But in some cases, they can cause or worsen kidney, liver, or digestive problems. Eur. To use antiseptic cream for dogs, first, wash your dog's skin with soap and a little warm water. And it will catch the cycling of the worms through the. Germolene on hotspots. 4. Potential risks of dogs eating pomegranate seeds: Pomegranate seeds can cause gastrointestinal upset, intestinal blockage, and choking hazards in dogs. Here’s a quick guide to treating a dog bite; the steps will be relatively similar no matter who you treat. Fenbendazole is very safe. GERMOLENE is HIGHLY TOXIC FOR PETS AND OTHER ANIMALS! This is my 9-year-old cat FELIX. Many dogs love rawhides. Rub the cream in well. Yes, Dogs Can Eat Persimmons in Moderation. Pepto Bismol is safe for dogs when used for a specific medical issue under a vet's direction, but not for long-term use due to its side effects. Raw Diet. Germolene = Phenol [carbolic acid] 1. 2% and chlorhexidine digluconate 0. TCP is a mild antiseptic, produced in France by Laboratoires Chemineau in Vouvray and sold in the United Kingdom by Omega Pharma. You want to be sure you’re following all the necessary processes to promote good healing. 5g of salt per 100g. Can I use Germolene cream on my dog? Germolene is okay for dogs and is well used by several dog owners. 65 from chemists and supermarkets, can provide instant relief (on small patches of eczema and please note it’s not meant as an eczema treatment) if the itching is bad, as it has a local antiseptic. If you’re ever curious as to whether a certain plant is a safe investment for your home, the ASPCA also has an extensive list of plants to avoid (including both indoor and outdoor plants. Green, unripe tomatoes also have solanine. ” What might be okay for one dog might not be good for your dog, depending on multiple factors, such as their age, health history, health conditions, and diet. If your dog has a grass seed stuck in their paw, ear, nose, eyes or skin, you may notice your dog: licking their paw constantly and vigorously. Chlorhexidine treatments are generally very safe. It contains vitamins that are helpful for tissue repair, collagen production, and maintaining healthy skin. Many people use them without having any side effects at all. Know that Diphenhydramine is a first-generation ethanolamine-derivative antihistamine. romylou_2. Germolene is available in a variety of forms, such as cream, gel, and spray. Zucchini and summer squash. It is also possible that dogs might experience hypersensitivity reactions to dying. Germolene is safe for use on your pooch’s rear end. Chlorhexidine Digluconate is found in Germolene and acts as a disinfectant and antiseptic. I have noticed that the power of the ointment, does reduce some time after the expiry date. A slim and healthy dog is LESS at risk of anal gland issues than an overweight one. Raw bones can be too hard, just like cooked bones. 80 – 90. To digest foods, your dog needs digestive enzymes. What human creams are safe for dogs? Topical antibiotic ointment. If you have any questions, or if you are not sure about anything, please ask your doctor or pharmacist. "Giving your pets foods that are safe for them to ingest is OK in small quantities," Wismer says. Eggplant isn’t toxic, but it belongs to the nightshade family and is linked to allergic reactions in some dogs. For big dogs, get down on the ground with them. 5% Hydrocortisone for Dogs & Cats to treat it. Petroleum jelly In the event that it is not appropriate to care for the wound at home, take your pet to the vet for examination. If you want to use an antiseptic cream for dogs, I recommend it. Just pour a little bit of natural Aloe Vera gel in your dog’s ear to do its magic. " A ripened red tomato is generally okay. Unsafe Human Foods for Dogs. Chow Chow, American Staffordshire Terrier, and Dalmatian. The recommended dose of Ivermectin depends on the dog’s body weight and parasite. But beware — not all home disinfectants are safe for. You can then add the golden paste to your dog’s food (1/4 teaspoon daily for small dogs up to 3/4 teaspoon daily for large dogs). Brands include Savlon. Fish emulsion – While fish emulsion is a great fertilizer option, remember that this is a quick-release fertilizer and can burn plants if you use too much. This stunning plant displays pretty stripes on its leaves and can grow up to 30 inches in height. In animals. They might be a good source of vitamin C and fiber for us, but any part of the lemon can cause a dog health problems. It’s a very painful oral cancer for dogs. Common OTC pill sizes are 10 mg. The label is worn off the bit but We believe it claims 5CC Gentocin, 5CC Dex SP additional. . Restlessness. Germolene is a well-known antiseptic cream that is often used to treat minor cuts and wounds in humans. Sadly, xylitol is highly toxic to dogs and can cause a. Terramycin is indicated for the prophylaxis and local treatment of superficial ocular infections due to oxytetracycline and polymyxin-sensitive organisms, including infections due to streptococci, rickettsiae, E. Rich in healthy omega-3 fatty acids, fish oil is one of the most potent natural anti-inflammatories. Germolene is safe to use on dogs if applied appropriately and in short term use. Acne in dogs is caused by the same things that cause human acne, a combination of excess oily sebum and dead skin cells mixing together which causes the hair follicles to get clogged, resulting in raised and red lumps, blackheads or whiteheads. Can you use Germolene on a dog? Germolene is safe to use on dogs if applied appropriately and in short term use. Any natural antibiotic you trust for use with your pet may be effective. If you want to avoid the risk for poisoning altogether, go with a dog-friendly alternative called Vetericyn. Your wound can swell, bleed, or split open if it is stretched or bumped. I have a boil. He suffered greatly and died due to GERMOLENE not being labelled as HIGHLY TOXIC to pets, nor FOR USE ON HUMANS ONLY! Force Bayer to Label GERMOLENE as DANGEROUS TO PETS AND ANIMALS My eldest cat Felix suffered badly and died. Chamomile is a natural tick repellent and, therefore, the ticks will naturally flee your dog’s skin. Use hot water, soap, and bleach to thoroughly cleanse your dog’s bedding. Sudocrem is considered safe for dogs, assuming it is used sparingly, appropriately and dogs are not actively licking or ingesting it in large amounts. 2 dogs each developed an apocrine gland adenocarcinoma. How to use antiseptic cream for dogs. Lufenuron – controls flea infestations by preventing the hatching of eggs, and prevents the flea shell from developing. Never give your dog oral liquid Gabapentin formulated for humans. CONS: The Zymox Otic dog ear cleanser is more expensive than other products and comes in a small bottle of 1. A slim and healthy dog is LESS at risk of anal gland issues than an overweight one. Sometimes these are used in combination with other joint supplement nutrients. However, if excessively consumed, it can cause upset. Alternatively, substituting regular tea for decaffeinated herbal teas such as peppermint or chamomile is considered a safer choice for dogs. 6. Last updated by Geneva Knight [ September 19, 2023 ] The answer is yes, you can use Germolene on dogs to treat minor skin infections and irritations. Tomatoes & Raw Potatoes. Make sure to discuss the use of turmeric, including ideal dosage, with. You may have a scar after the stitches are removed. Always ask a vet for guidance. 5 to 5 mg total dose and a 50-pound dog would get 12. . Trouble sleeping. Salmon, shrimp, and tuna are all safe for dogs to eat and are good sources of protein. Read the list below to know which berry fruits you should avoid from giving your pet. Adults and children 12 years and over: One suppository to be inserted into the rectum on retiring at night and in the morning, preferably after bowel movement. Brussel sprouts are high in fiber and antioxidants and can be served to dogs if cooked until soft. You will need to be watchful if your dog self chews or licks itself because some of the ingredients found in Germolene are not safe for consumption. 5 clove. A 50g tube costs about £ 4. Welcome to the number one site for dog lovers! Dog News. If you have a veterinarian’s contact on hand, that will help too. 41 user (s) found this helpful. Uses in Cats and Dogs: Omeprazole reduces stomach acid secretion. It feels hot to the touch and the whole area is sore and hurts (can hardly move!) Have tried putting germolene and hydrocortisone cream on it but neither seem to be helping. Chondroitin is also one of the products necessary for the production of cartilage. Good old Germolene Antiseptic Cream, £1. This oil is safe to use on dogs and around canines. Having a pet disinfectant in your first aid kit is a great idea. Therefore a ten-pound dog would get 2. Lavender Oil. Mange can cause dogs to become stressed because of the itching, isolation, vet visits, medications, and other treatments that they receive to treat their mange. You will need to be watchful if your dog self chews or licks itself because some of the ingredients found in Germolene are not safe for consumption. Stir to dissolve and leave it to cool. Chamomile is another herb that is safe for your furry friends. As omnivores, dogs have no real need for fruits or vegetables as part of their diet, but giving dog-safe fruit or vegetables to dogs as a treat or snack is OK. You may be able to tell if your dog is having a bad. Have a second person gently restrain. Omeprazole belongs to a class of drugs called proton pump inhibitors and lasts about 24 hours. shaking their head. Eur. How much fennel is thought to be safe: Try a fennel tea—a teaspoon of either fresh or dried fennel (seeds) added to 8 ounces boiling water. Making a safe and efficient ear cleaner for your dog is easier than you might imagine. Glucosamine in dogs has mild side effects, if any at all, because it’s a naturally occurring substance in the body. Using Germolene On Dogs September 20, 2022by Neoma Stark Germolene is safe to use on dogs if applied appropriately and in short term use. Some of the health benefits for dogs who consume tomato include: Good Fiber Content: Fiber is great to keep the digestive system flowing smoothly and also helps dogs feel satiated (feeling full for longer after eating). Cows and doggos are, after all, not the same, and their opposing diets make all the difference. Clemastine. Avoid Nighttime Application: It is advisable not to apply Sudocrem on your dog’s wound at night. However, it’s important to consider the dental health of your senior pet. , dark, semi-sweet, or baker's chocolate) is more dangerous than milk or white chocolate, but all chocolate can be poisonous in dogs. It’s used widely. Chocolate that is higher in cocoa (i. Left untreated, carprofen toxicity can lead to weakness, tremors, seizures, GI perforation, and kidney failure. You will need to be watchful if your dog self chews or licks itself because some of the ingredients found in Germolene are not safe for. Furthermore,. Clip off the fur around so you can keep it clean, rinse well with cold water. Phenol is a disinfectant that can help to kill bacteria and viruses. If you’re looking for essential oils for dog odor, lavender is a great scent that pet owners tend to love too. Image Credit: gefrorene_wand, Pixabay. This can be used in dogs and cats in small amounts. limping. Keep reading to find out why why dog poop doesn’t make good fertilizer. Secondly, apply a small amount of Germolene to the affected area and rub it in gently. Berries not safe for dogs usually have substances that cause adverse effects. Silver spray (although I've been told to never use purple or silver spray as it masks how a wound really looks) Sudocrem. Best Smelling Dog Ear Cleaning Solution: VetWell Dog Ear Cleaner. I did take a look first to see if the problem was piles or. Germolene cream is available in 2 sizes, 30g and 55g. Applying Germolene cream on minor cuts, skin irritation, burns, or insect bites makes. They are bite-sized superfoods with. Watch For Changes. shaking their head. If your dog already has an ear infection, you can use Zymox Ear Solution With . So whenever a dog bites you, start pushing firmly on the wound to let the blood get out. When using Germolene on your dog, be sure to clean the wound first with warm water. Rare but serious allergic reactions including anaphylaxis have been reported with use of chlorhexidine containing antiseptic products. You should also make sure your dog does not consume raisin bread, grape juice, or grape jam and jelly. However, in rare cases, some people may. Fiber will enhance the defecation rate and force your dog to pass stools more often. GERMOLENE® ANTISEPTIC OINTMENT DO NOT use Germolene Antiseptic Ointment: • If you are allergic (hypersensitive) to any of the ingredients in the product (See section 6,Further information). 400 to 800 milligrams/ two adult aspirin. Anything that causes a dog to chew or lick one. Furosemide is a diuretic (a drug that increases urine production). Properly feed alternative fruits: It is. 1 milligrams per kilogram of body weight, two times per day. The exact amount of peanut butter will vary from dog to dog and from peanut butter to peanut butter (check the caloric count on the label). Occasional vomiting or diarrhea. Yes, you can use Germolene on your dog. How to make a saline solution for your dog or cat: Pour out 1 cup of boiling water. 1. If used as directed, both Savlon and Germolene can be safe for use on dogs. Safe Human Foods for Dogs. It is safe for dogs and will not harm them in any way. Citrus juice and certain oils can be applied to your pet’s coat. But you may want to start with smaller amounts, especially if your pup has a sensitive GI system. Thiamine - supports high-energy organ functions, like the brain and kidneys. 1% to 1%), tea tree oil is tolerated and safe for cats and dogs. You must be watchful if your dog chews or licks itself because some of the ingredients in Germolene are not safe for consumption. The short answer is yes, you can put Germolene on your dog. I realise this is now 2 months too late, but for the avoidance of doubt. Cetostearyl Alcohol. Most toxic plants for dogs. NEVER use medication for humans on a cat as a staggering number of innocuous everyday 'people' medicines are very toxic for cats. Add a little extra fibre to their diet to bulk up their poo and make it firmer. The exact amount of peanut butter will vary from dog to dog and from peanut butter to peanut butter (check the caloric count on the label). 2. You may have thought about whether they dream of chasing other animals, see fetching balls or cuddling with you. Corn. Calla lilies certainly produce beautiful flowers, but they’re also fairly toxic to dogs. Over-the-counter dog medication can be a handy tool for pet owners, particularly in managing minor injuries or skin issues. Announcements & Help; Dog Chat Sections; Dog Rescue Sections; Off Topic Sections; Dog Articles. Prednisone can. Several dog owners use Germolene and it is ok for their dogs. A dog's skin can be a breeding ground for bacteria, which can cause all sorts of problems from minor skin irritation to major infections. For example, a pumpkin spice latte has caffeine in it, and caffeine and coffee can be toxic to dogs . 200ml TCP bottle. It would be best to use an alternative cream specifically made for dogs for long-term use. Avoid using essential oils on your dog as a “preventative” measure. I`ve heard of people using aftershave as antipecking stuff, if they get a mouthfull of that they are going to think. First of all, make sure that the wound is clean and free of any dirt or debris. The specific amount prescribed by your veterinarian will vary, depending on your dog’s breed, weight. That's 0. " 3. Vet powder to puff on. 9. Absolutely brilliant product. Generally speaking, small dogs should get no more than about 1/2 tablespoon of peanut butter per day and larger dogs. Pomegranate seeds are not safe for dogs to eat: Dogs should not consume pomegranate seeds as they can pose potential risks and health hazards. Tomatoes and potatoes fall in the category of "safe in some forms, unsafe in others. Use caution when using citronella products around your pet, and make sure they don’t have access to any citronella plants in your garden. Sixty60; LiquorShop; Computicket; Computicket Travel; Money Market Account; Red Star Wholesale Catering Services;. How to make a saline solution for your dog or cat: Pour out 1 cup of boiling water. However, I recommend long-term use using an antiseptic cream made for dogs; it saves you unnecessary worrying. They will not go away on their own, but they shouldn’t pose a problem either. Be aware that some. After your dog takes the chew, the drugs circulate in the blood, and when a flea or tick bites your dog, it’s exposed to the chemical. Outdoor Dog Safety. It can also be fatal. 25%. The peel, rind, and seeds of pomegranate can cause an obstruction, which can be a life-threatening emergency. In addition to these side effects, Carprofen may also trigger allergic reactions in some dogs. 5. If your dog likes to eat things and has a powerful jaw, it’s possible they’ll swallow bits of Nylabone. Frozen carrots are a dog-friendly way of soothing teething pains for young pups. A hot spot (‘acute moist dermatitis’) is an area of inflamed, infected skin. The board acts like a stretcher and will keep. 25 to 0. Other topical products may sting or dry the skin; this will do neither. Holly berries. Is it safe to use Germolene antiseptic cream on a 6 week old kitten? This is for a sore bald patch of skin on her chest which is weeping. Store out of reach and sight of children. 25 fluid ounces. Name of the medicinal product. Glucosamine is very safe with no known side effects. Do not use baking soda, lemon, toothpaste, or vinegar on your bites. The answer is yes! Edamame is a type of soybean that is often eaten by people as part of their diet.